Community Dental Health

cover art

Cover Date:
September 2011
Print ISSN:
0265 539X
Vol:
28
Issue:
3

Psychometric properties of long and short forms of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14) in a Thai population

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the psychometric properties of different forms of the Child Perceptions Questionnaires (CPQ11-14) for use in Thai adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire and clinical analytical study conducted at 2 schools in Chonburi province, Thailand. Clinical data were collected for 95 students (64 female, 31 male) aged 11-14 years. Data from the Thai version of CPQ11-14 were used to analyze the measurement properties of the original and 4 short forms of the CPQ11-14. Results: Participants found it difficult to remember that they should assess the impact only in relation to the problems of their teeth, lips, mouth or jaws. The Thai versions of the CPQ11-14 have satisfactory internal consistency and test-retest reliability except for the CPQ11-14- ISF:8. The criterion validity of all versions was acceptable except for the CPQ11-14- RSF:8. No CPQ11-14 scores correlated with clinical status, otherwise construct validity was acceptable for the original CPQ11-14 and the 16-item questionnaires. Conclusion: The original scale of the CPQ11-14 indicates the highest validity and reliability among the 5 forms of the CPQ11-14 but has weak relations with clinical data. If it is to be used in low disease populations larger samples will be required. The 16-item questionnaires show some acceptable validity and reliability properties. The findings for the 8-item versions do not support their use in Thailand. Key words: children, oral health related quality of life, Child Perceptions Questionnaire

Introduction
Measures of oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) have been developed to evaluate the physical, psychological and social impact of oral disease. They aim to measure the extent to which oral diseases interfere with peoples’ lives (Brown and Al-Khayal, 2006). To date, relatively little research involved children though a previous study suggested that oral impacts may be higher in children than adults (Jokovic et al., 2002). Measuring health related quality of life (HRQoL) without reference to a conceptual model has made it difficult to develop a knowledge base for HRQoL research. (Baker et al., 2007: Baker et al., 2008). Therefore, we conducted this study based on the Wilson and Cleary model (Figure 1) which links clinical variables, OHRQoL and psychosocial factors. The model proposes a classification for different measures of health divided into 5 levels: biological and clinical variables, symptoms, functional status, general health perceptions and overall quality of life (Wilson and Cleary, 1995). Measures for children should be developed especially for them rather than adapting adult measure because their perception of quality of life changes as they develop, they are involved in different activities from adults and their cognitive development may be incomplete (Marshman and Robinson, 2007). The Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14) was developed specifically for children by Jokovic and colleagues (2002). This self-administered questionnaire comprises 37 items examining 4 domains of oral impact over

the past 3 months: oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional well-being and social well-being. Two questions were added to the questionnaire. First was the global oral health rating used to measure the general health perceptions domain of the Wilson and Cleary model: “Would you say that the health of your teeth, lips, jaws or mouth is….?” The second measured the overall quality of life domain of the model: “How much does the condition of your teeth, lips, jaws or mouth affect your life overall?” These 2 questions have a 5-point response format ranging from “Excellent”=0 to “Poor”=4 for global oral health rating and from “Not at all”=0 to “Very much”=4 for overall quality of life. The psychometric properties of CPQ11-14 have been tested in Canada, UK, New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, Hong Kong, Brazil and Denmark (Jokovic et al., 2002; Marshman et al., 2005; Foster Page et al., 2005; Brown and Al-Khayal, 2006; McGrath et al., 2008; Barbosa et al., 2009; Wogelius et al., 2009). Several versions have been devised; CPQ11-14- ISF:16, CPQ11- RSF:16, CPQ11-14- ISF: 8 and CPQ11-14- RSF:8. The 14 CPQ11-14- ISF:16 and CPQ11-14- ISF:8 have 16 and 8 items respectively, both were produced using the item impact method. The CPQ11-14- RSF:16 and CPQ11-14- RSF:8 have 16 and 8 items respectively, both were developed using the regression method. Four forms of CPQ11-14 were developed by Jokovic and colleagues (2006) using the item impact and regression method which asked the children to indicate the importance of each question on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (“Does not bother me at all”) to 3 (“Bothers me very much”). Then the questions were ranked within

Correspondence to: Orachad Gururatana, Academic Unit of Dental Public Health, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK. Email: orachad.g@hotmail.co.uk

Article Price
£15.00
Institution Article Price
£
Page Start
232
Page End
237
Authors
O. Gururatana, S. Baker, P.G. Robinson

Articles from this issue

  • Title
  • Pg. Start
  • Pg. End

  1. Investing in professional advocacy: a case study of a successful fluoridation campaign in rural New South Wales, Australia
  2. 0
  3. 0

  1. Editorial - Position papers by EADPH Special Interest Groups
  2. 190
  3. 190

  1. Tooth wear and erosion: Methodological issues in epidemiological and public health research and the future research agenda
  2. 191
  3. 195

  1. The relationship between tooth wear in the primary and permanent dentitions
  2. 196
  3. 200

  1. The efficacy of dentifrices on extrinsic tooth stains among community dwelling adults in India – a randomised controlled trial
  2. 201
  3. 205

  1. Clinical and socio-demographic factors influencing the oral health-related quality of life of Chinese elders
  2. 206
  3. 210

  1. The effects of chronic pain on oral health related quality of life in patients with anterior disc displacement with reduction.
  2. 211
  3. 215

  1. Dental self-care and visiting behaviour in relation to social inequality in caries experience
  2. 216
  3. 221

  1. Clinical evaluation of chlorhexidine for the control of dental biofilm in children with special needs
  2. 222
  3. 226

  1. Oral health related quality of life among children with parents and those with no parents
  2. 227
  3. 231

  1. Psychometric properties of long and short forms of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14) in a Thai population
  2. 232
  3. 237

  1. Dental examiners consistency in applying the ICDAS criteria for a caries prevention community trial
  2. 238
  3. 242

  1. Relationship of caries and fluorosis in adolescents from highand low-fluoride areas in Iran
  2. 248
  3. 252